Ball and socket interaction between monomers at TvTIM1.

Substrate-Induced Dimerization of Engineered Monomeric Variants of Triosephosphate Isomerase from Trichomonas vaginalis. Lara-Gonzalez S, Estrella P, Portillo C, Cruces ME, Jimenez-Sandoval P, Fattori J, Migliorini-Figueira AC, Lopez-Hidalgo M, Diaz-Quezada C, Lopez-Castillo M, Trasviña-Arenas CH, Sanchez-Sandoval E, Gómez-Puyou A, Ortega-Lopez J, Arroyo R, Benítez-Cardoza CG, Brieba LG - PLoS ONE (2015) Bottom Line: In TvTIMs the energy necessary to unfold a monomer is greater than the energy necessary to dissociate the dimer.Herein we found that the character of residue I45 controls the dimer-monomer equilibrium in TvTIMs. Unfolding experiments employing monomeric and dimeric mutants led us to conclude that dimeric TvTIMs unfold following a four state model denaturation process whereas monomeric TvTIMs follow a three state model.The stability of the monomeric variants of TvTIM1 and the use of cross-linking and analytical ultracentrifugation experiments permit us to understand the differences between the catalytic activities of TvTIMs and other marginally active monomeric TIMs. As TvTIMs do not unfold upon dimer dissociation, herein we found that the high enzymatic activity of monomeric TvTIM variants is explained by the formation of catalytic dimeric competent species assisted by substrate binding. View Article: PubMed Central - PubMed Affiliation: IPICYT, División de Biología Molecular, Camino a la Presa San José 2055, CP 78216, San Luis Potosí, San Luis Potosí, México. ABSTRACT The dimeric nature of triosephosphate isomerases (TIMs) is maintained by an extensive surface area interface of more than 1600 Å2. TIMs from Trichomonas vaginalis (TvTIM) are held in their dimeric state by two mechanisms: a ball and socket interaction of residue 45 of one subunit that fits into the hydrophobic pocket of the complementary subunit and by swapping of loop 3 between subunits. TvTIMs differ from other TIMs in their unfolding energetics. In TvTIMs the energy necessary to unfold a monomer is greater than the energy necessary to dissociate the dimer. Herein we found that the character of residue I45 controls the dimer-monomer equilibrium in TvTIMs. Unfolding experiments employing monomeric and dimeric mutants led us to conclude that dimeric TvTIMs unfold following a four state model denaturation process whereas monomeric TvTIMs follow a three state model. In contrast to other monomeric TIMs, monomeric variants of TvTIM1 are stable and unexpectedly one of them (I45A) is only 29-fold less active than wild-type TvTIM1. The high enzymatic activity of monomeric TvTIMs contrast with the marginal catalytic activity of diverse monomeric TIMs variants. The stability of the monomeric variants of TvTIM1 and the use of cross-linking and analytical ultracentrifugation experiments permit us to understand the differences between the catalytic activities of TvTIMs and other marginally active monomeric TIMs. As TvTIMs do not unfold upon dimer dissociation, herein we found that the high enzymatic activity of monomeric TvTIM variants is explained by the formation of catalytic dimeric competent species assisted by substrate binding. Show MeSH Major Protein Multimerization* Protozoan Proteins/chemistry/metabolism Trichomonas vaginalis/enzymology Triose-Phosphate Isomerase/chemistry/metabolism Minor* Amino Acid Sequence Catalytic Domain Enzyme Stability Molecular Sequence Data Protein Binding Related in: MedlinePlus	© Copyright Policy Related In: Results - Collection License Show All Figures getmorefigures.php?uid=PMC4664265&req=5 pone.0141747.g001: Ball and socket interaction between monomers at TvTIM1.(A) Crystal structure of TvTIM1 showing the ball and socket interplay. Hydrophobic TvTIM1 residues (ball-stick representation) form a socket that interacts with residue Ile45 of the neighboring subunit (space-filling representation). The methyl group of I45 is colored in black. (B) Sequence logo showing the structural alignment of the ball-socket amino acids at the ball and socket interplay Residue I45 or V45 functions as the ball and a hydrophobic cavity formed by α-helices 2 and 3 that assemble as the socket. Mentions: Residue I45 of TvTIM1 functions as a ball that fits into a hydrophobic cavity composed of residues P43, F44, F46, L47, P48, V77, M81, I82, and F85 (Fig 1A).

Substrate-Induced Dimerization of Engineered Monomeric Variants of Triosephosphate Isomerase from Trichomonas vaginalis.

Lara-Gonzalez S, Estrella P, Portillo C, Cruces ME, Jimenez-Sandoval P, Fattori J, Migliorini-Figueira AC, Lopez-Hidalgo M, Diaz-Quezada C, Lopez-Castillo M, Trasviña-Arenas CH, Sanchez-Sandoval E, Gómez-Puyou A, Ortega-Lopez J, Arroyo R, Benítez-Cardoza CG, Brieba LG - PLoS ONE (2015)

Bottom Line: In TvTIMs the energy necessary to unfold a monomer is greater than the energy necessary to dissociate the dimer.Herein we found that the character of residue I45 controls the dimer-monomer equilibrium in TvTIMs. Unfolding experiments employing monomeric and dimeric mutants led us to conclude that dimeric TvTIMs unfold following a four state model denaturation process whereas monomeric TvTIMs follow a three state model.The stability of the monomeric variants of TvTIM1 and the use of cross-linking and analytical ultracentrifugation experiments permit us to understand the differences between the catalytic activities of TvTIMs and other marginally active monomeric TIMs. As TvTIMs do not unfold upon dimer dissociation, herein we found that the high enzymatic activity of monomeric TvTIM variants is explained by the formation of catalytic dimeric competent species assisted by substrate binding.

View Article: PubMed Central - PubMed

Affiliation: IPICYT, División de Biología Molecular, Camino a la Presa San José 2055, CP 78216, San Luis Potosí, San Luis Potosí, México.

ABSTRACT

The dimeric nature of triosephosphate isomerases (TIMs) is maintained by an extensive surface area interface of more than 1600 Å2. TIMs from Trichomonas vaginalis (TvTIM) are held in their dimeric state by two mechanisms: a ball and socket interaction of residue 45 of one subunit that fits into the hydrophobic pocket of the complementary subunit and by swapping of loop 3 between subunits. TvTIMs differ from other TIMs in their unfolding energetics. In TvTIMs the energy necessary to unfold a monomer is greater than the energy necessary to dissociate the dimer. Herein we found that the character of residue I45 controls the dimer-monomer equilibrium in TvTIMs. Unfolding experiments employing monomeric and dimeric mutants led us to conclude that dimeric TvTIMs unfold following a four state model denaturation process whereas monomeric TvTIMs follow a three state model. In contrast to other monomeric TIMs, monomeric variants of TvTIM1 are stable and unexpectedly one of them (I45A) is only 29-fold less active than wild-type TvTIM1. The high enzymatic activity of monomeric TvTIMs contrast with the marginal catalytic activity of diverse monomeric TIMs variants. The stability of the monomeric variants of TvTIM1 and the use of cross-linking and analytical ultracentrifugation experiments permit us to understand the differences between the catalytic activities of TvTIMs and other marginally active monomeric TIMs. As TvTIMs do not unfold upon dimer dissociation, herein we found that the high enzymatic activity of monomeric TvTIM variants is explained by the formation of catalytic dimeric competent species assisted by substrate binding.

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pone.0141747.g001: Ball and socket interaction between monomers at TvTIM1.(A) Crystal structure of TvTIM1 showing the ball and socket interplay. Hydrophobic TvTIM1 residues (ball-stick representation) form a socket that interacts with residue Ile45 of the neighboring subunit (space-filling representation). The methyl group of I45 is colored in black. (B) Sequence logo showing the structural alignment of the ball-socket amino acids at the ball and socket interplay Residue I45 or V45 functions as the ball and a hydrophobic cavity formed by α-helices 2 and 3 that assemble as the socket.

Mentions: Residue I45 of TvTIM1 functions as a ball that fits into a hydrophobic cavity composed of residues P43, F44, F46, L47, P48, V77, M81, I82, and F85 (Fig 1A).