Fig2: Surface morphology and immunostaining of electrospun nanofibers. (A, B) SEM images of RGD-M13 phage/PLGA nanofibers. Fluorescence microscopic images of RGD-M13 phage/PLGA nanofibers (C) and pure PLGA nanofibers (D). RGD-M13 phages in RGD-M13 phage/PLGA nanofibers were immunostained with FITC-labeled anti-M13 phage antibody and fluoresced green.

Mentions: As shown in Figure 1, RGD-M13 phages and PLGA were blended and then fabricated into hybrid nanofibers thru an electrospinning technique. The artificial scaffolds should be similar to structural property of the natural ECM and support cell growth through 3D microenvironment. As shown in Figure 2A, the morphology of RGD-M13 phage/PLGA nanofibers was not only non-woven porous but also uniform and bead-less as similar to the natural ECM. The RGD-M13 phage/PLGA nanofibers had an average diameter of 190 ± 30 nm (Figure 2B). The RGD-M13 phages of electrospun nanofibers could be very well interaction with cells because the matrices consisted of nanometer scale fibers had a very high surface area-to-volume ratio. Immunostaining fluorescence image showed that genetically engineered RGD-M13 phages were located on the hybrid nanofibers (Figure 2C). Green fluorescence from RGD-M13 phages labeled with FITC was detected along the RGD-M13 phage/PLGA nanofibers. On the contrary, any fluorescence was not exhibited from pure PLGA nanofibers (Figure 2D).Figure 2