The arteriovenous fistula in situ. The femoral vein (v)

Autonomously vascularized cellular constructs in tissue engineering: opening a new perspective for biomedical science. Polykandriotis E, Arkudas A, Horch RE, Stürzl M, Kneser U - J. Cell. Mol. Med. (2007 Jan-Feb) Bottom Line: The cell itself is situated at the cross-roads leading to different orders of scale, from molecule to organism and different levels of function, from biochemistry to macrophysiology.Extensive in vitro investigations have dissected a vast amount of cellular phenomena and the role of a number of bioactive substances has been elucidated in the past.Further, recombinant DNA technologies allow modulation of the expression profiles of virtually all kinds of cells. View Article: PubMed Central - PubMed Affiliation: Department of Plastic and Hand Surgery, University of Erlangen Medical Center, Erlangen, Germany. ABSTRACT In tissue engineering cell cultures play a crucial role besides the matrix materials for the end of substituting lost tissue functions. The cell itself is situated at the cross-roads leading to different orders of scale, from molecule to organism and different levels of function, from biochemistry to macrophysiology. Extensive in vitro investigations have dissected a vast amount of cellular phenomena and the role of a number of bioactive substances has been elucidated in the past. Further, recombinant DNA technologies allow modulation of the expression profiles of virtually all kinds of cells. However, issues of vascularization in vivo limit transferability of these observations and restrict upscaling into clinical applications. Novel in vivo models of vascularization have evolved inspired from reconstructive microsurgical concepts and they encompass axial neovascularization by means of vascular induction. This work represents a brief description of latest developments and potential applications of neovascularization and angiogenesis in tissue engineering. Show MeSH Major Neovascularization, Physiologic* Science* Tissue Engineering/methods* Minor Animals Humans Models, Biological Related in: MedlinePlus	© Copyright Policy Related In: Results - Collection Show All Figures getmorefigures.php?uid=PMC4401217&req=5 fig01: The arteriovenous fistula in situ. The femoral vein (v) and artery (a) in the left medial thigh distal to the inguinal ligament (i) are dissected from the femoral nerve (n) and a vascular graft (g) from the contralateral femoral vein is interposed by means of micro-surgical anastomosis. Mentions: Operations are performed on rats under inhalational anesthesia with Isoflurane. The femoral neurovascular bundle is exposed through an incision at the medial thigh. The femoral vessels are dissected from the pelvic artery in the groin to the bifurcation of the femoral artery into saphenous and popliteal arteries. After dissection of the artery and vein, a femoral venous graft is harvested from the contralateral side and interposed between the femoral vessels by microvascular anastomoses performed with an 11–0 Nylon suture (Fig. 1). The construct is placed into the Teflon chamber with the artery and vein exiting through the opening at the proximal pole. After addition of the matrix, the lid is closed and the chamber with the matrix inside is fixed onto the adductor fascia at the medial thigh with a non-absorbable polypropylene suture. Interrupted vertical mattress sutures are used for wound closure. The length of the procedure lies between 3 and 4 hrs and long-term patency of the loop varies between 85% and 88% when the operations are performed by an experienced microsurgeon.

Autonomously vascularized cellular constructs in tissue engineering: opening a new perspective for biomedical science.

Polykandriotis E, Arkudas A, Horch RE, Stürzl M, Kneser U - J. Cell. Mol. Med. (2007 Jan-Feb)

Bottom Line: The cell itself is situated at the cross-roads leading to different orders of scale, from molecule to organism and different levels of function, from biochemistry to macrophysiology.Extensive in vitro investigations have dissected a vast amount of cellular phenomena and the role of a number of bioactive substances has been elucidated in the past.Further, recombinant DNA technologies allow modulation of the expression profiles of virtually all kinds of cells.

View Article: PubMed Central - PubMed

Affiliation: Department of Plastic and Hand Surgery, University of Erlangen Medical Center, Erlangen, Germany.

ABSTRACT

In tissue engineering cell cultures play a crucial role besides the matrix materials for the end of substituting lost tissue functions. The cell itself is situated at the cross-roads leading to different orders of scale, from molecule to organism and different levels of function, from biochemistry to macrophysiology. Extensive in vitro investigations have dissected a vast amount of cellular phenomena and the role of a number of bioactive substances has been elucidated in the past. Further, recombinant DNA technologies allow modulation of the expression profiles of virtually all kinds of cells. However, issues of vascularization in vivo limit transferability of these observations and restrict upscaling into clinical applications. Novel in vivo models of vascularization have evolved inspired from reconstructive microsurgical concepts and they encompass axial neovascularization by means of vascular induction. This work represents a brief description of latest developments and potential applications of neovascularization and angiogenesis in tissue engineering.

Show MeSH

Related in: MedlinePlus

The arteriovenous fistula in situ. The femoral vein (v) and artery (a) in the left medial thigh distal to the inguinal ligament (i) are dissected from the femoral nerve (n) and a vascular graft (g) from the contralateral femoral vein is interposed by means of micro-surgical anastomosis.

Related In: Results - Collection

Show All Figures

getmorefigures.php?uid=PMC4401217&req=5

fig01: The arteriovenous fistula in situ. The femoral vein (v) and artery (a) in the left medial thigh distal to the inguinal ligament (i) are dissected from the femoral nerve (n) and a vascular graft (g) from the contralateral femoral vein is interposed by means of micro-surgical anastomosis.

Mentions: Operations are performed on rats under inhalational anesthesia with Isoflurane. The femoral neurovascular bundle is exposed through an incision at the medial thigh. The femoral vessels are dissected from the pelvic artery in the groin to the bifurcation of the femoral artery into saphenous and popliteal arteries. After dissection of the artery and vein, a femoral venous graft is harvested from the contralateral side and interposed between the femoral vessels by microvascular anastomoses performed with an 11–0 Nylon suture (Fig. 1). The construct is placed into the Teflon chamber with the artery and vein exiting through the opening at the proximal pole. After addition of the matrix, the lid is closed and the chamber with the matrix inside is fixed onto the adductor fascia at the medial thigh with a non-absorbable polypropylene suture. Interrupted vertical mattress sutures are used for wound closure. The length of the procedure lies between 3 and 4 hrs and long-term patency of the loop varies between 85% and 88% when the operations are performed by an experienced microsurgeon.