DTM model-accuracy is high (low rRMSE) in a large porti

Evaluating the accuracy of diffusion MRI models in white matter. Rokem A, Yeatman JD, Pestilli F, Kay KN, Mezer A, van der Walt S, Wandell BA - PLoS ONE (2015) Bottom Line: This is the first evaluation of model-accuracy of these models.In most of the white matter the DTM predicts the data more accurately than test-retest reliability; SFM model-accuracy is higher than test-retest reliability and also higher than the DTM model-accuracy, particularly for measurements with (a) a b-value above 1000 in locations containing fiber crossings, and (b) in the regions of the brain surrounding the optic radiations.The SFM also has better parameter-validity: it more accurately estimates the fiber orientation distribution function (fODF) in each voxel, which is useful for fiber tracking. View Article: PubMed Central - PubMed Affiliation: Department of Psychology, Stanford, Stanford, California, United States of America. ABSTRACT Models of diffusion MRI within a voxel are useful for making inferences about the properties of the tissue and inferring fiber orientation distribution used by tractography algorithms. A useful model must fit the data accurately. However, evaluations of model-accuracy of commonly used models have not been published before. Here, we evaluate model-accuracy of the two main classes of diffusion MRI models. The diffusion tensor model (DTM) summarizes diffusion as a 3-dimensional Gaussian distribution. Sparse fascicle models (SFM) summarize the signal as a sum of signals originating from a collection of fascicles oriented in different directions. We use cross-validation to assess model-accuracy at different gradient amplitudes (b-values) throughout the white matter. Specifically, we fit each model to all the white matter voxels in one data set and then use the model to predict a second, independent data set. This is the first evaluation of model-accuracy of these models. In most of the white matter the DTM predicts the data more accurately than test-retest reliability; SFM model-accuracy is higher than test-retest reliability and also higher than the DTM model-accuracy, particularly for measurements with (a) a b-value above 1000 in locations containing fiber crossings, and (b) in the regions of the brain surrounding the optic radiations. The SFM also has better parameter-validity: it more accurately estimates the fiber orientation distribution function (fODF) in each voxel, which is useful for fiber tracking. Show MeSH Major Diffusion Magnetic Resonance Imaging* White Matter/pathology* Minor Humans Related in: MedlinePlus	© Copyright Policy Related In: Results - Collection License Show All Figures getmorefigures.php?uid=PMC4400066&req=5 pone.0123272.g004: DTM model-accuracy is high (low rRMSE) in a large portion of the white matter, but systematically deviates in two locations (3% of the voxels): the centrum semiovale (A, top row) and the optic radiation (A, bottom row).The columns show data obtained at three different b-values (b = 1000, 2000, 4000) in one individual, and this pattern is observed in a second individual as well. The color overlay measures the rRMSE. Poor cross-validation (rRMSE > 1) is denoted by the yellow-red colors. (B, C) The color overlays are rRMSE maps calculated at b = 4000. The two images illustrate the poor fits in the optic radiation (B) and the centrum semiovale (C). Mentions: Next, we examine the parts of the brain in which the DTM model-accuracy compared to test-retest reliability is lowest. Voxels in which DTM rRMSE is higher than 1 are located in two major clusters (Fig 4). The rRMSE of these voxels increases with higher b-value. One of these regions is a part of the brain known to contain fascicle crossings: the centrum semiovale at the intersection of the cortico-spinal tract, running in the superior-inferior direction, the superior longitudinal fasciculus (SLF), running in the anterior-posterior direction and fascicles from the corpus callosum, running in the medial-lateral direction. In addition, with higher b-values, the model increasingly fails to account for the diffusion data in parts of the brain surrounding the optic radiations (OR).

Evaluating the accuracy of diffusion MRI models in white matter.

Rokem A, Yeatman JD, Pestilli F, Kay KN, Mezer A, van der Walt S, Wandell BA - PLoS ONE (2015)

Bottom Line: This is the first evaluation of model-accuracy of these models.In most of the white matter the DTM predicts the data more accurately than test-retest reliability; SFM model-accuracy is higher than test-retest reliability and also higher than the DTM model-accuracy, particularly for measurements with (a) a b-value above 1000 in locations containing fiber crossings, and (b) in the regions of the brain surrounding the optic radiations.The SFM also has better parameter-validity: it more accurately estimates the fiber orientation distribution function (fODF) in each voxel, which is useful for fiber tracking.

View Article: PubMed Central - PubMed

Affiliation: Department of Psychology, Stanford, Stanford, California, United States of America.

ABSTRACT

Models of diffusion MRI within a voxel are useful for making inferences about the properties of the tissue and inferring fiber orientation distribution used by tractography algorithms. A useful model must fit the data accurately. However, evaluations of model-accuracy of commonly used models have not been published before. Here, we evaluate model-accuracy of the two main classes of diffusion MRI models. The diffusion tensor model (DTM) summarizes diffusion as a 3-dimensional Gaussian distribution. Sparse fascicle models (SFM) summarize the signal as a sum of signals originating from a collection of fascicles oriented in different directions. We use cross-validation to assess model-accuracy at different gradient amplitudes (b-values) throughout the white matter. Specifically, we fit each model to all the white matter voxels in one data set and then use the model to predict a second, independent data set. This is the first evaluation of model-accuracy of these models. In most of the white matter the DTM predicts the data more accurately than test-retest reliability; SFM model-accuracy is higher than test-retest reliability and also higher than the DTM model-accuracy, particularly for measurements with (a) a b-value above 1000 in locations containing fiber crossings, and (b) in the regions of the brain surrounding the optic radiations. The SFM also has better parameter-validity: it more accurately estimates the fiber orientation distribution function (fODF) in each voxel, which is useful for fiber tracking.

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Related in: MedlinePlus

DTM model-accuracy is high (low rRMSE) in a large portion of the white matter, but systematically deviates in two locations (3% of the voxels): the centrum semiovale (A, top row) and the optic radiation (A, bottom row).The columns show data obtained at three different b-values (b = 1000, 2000, 4000) in one individual, and this pattern is observed in a second individual as well. The color overlay measures the rRMSE. Poor cross-validation (rRMSE > 1) is denoted by the yellow-red colors. (B, C) The color overlays are rRMSE maps calculated at b = 4000. The two images illustrate the poor fits in the optic radiation (B) and the centrum semiovale (C).

Related In: Results - Collection

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pone.0123272.g004: DTM model-accuracy is high (low rRMSE) in a large portion of the white matter, but systematically deviates in two locations (3% of the voxels): the centrum semiovale (A, top row) and the optic radiation (A, bottom row).The columns show data obtained at three different b-values (b = 1000, 2000, 4000) in one individual, and this pattern is observed in a second individual as well. The color overlay measures the rRMSE. Poor cross-validation (rRMSE > 1) is denoted by the yellow-red colors. (B, C) The color overlays are rRMSE maps calculated at b = 4000. The two images illustrate the poor fits in the optic radiation (B) and the centrum semiovale (C).

Mentions: Next, we examine the parts of the brain in which the DTM model-accuracy compared to test-retest reliability is lowest. Voxels in which DTM rRMSE is higher than 1 are located in two major clusters (Fig 4). The rRMSE of these voxels increases with higher b-value. One of these regions is a part of the brain known to contain fascicle crossings: the centrum semiovale at the intersection of the cortico-spinal tract, running in the superior-inferior direction, the superior longitudinal fasciculus (SLF), running in the anterior-posterior direction and fascicles from the corpus callosum, running in the medial-lateral direction. In addition, with higher b-values, the model increasingly fails to account for the diffusion data in parts of the brain surrounding the optic radiations (OR).