Possible mechanisms underpinning the beneficial effects

Dietary anthocyanins as nutritional therapy for nonalcoholic fatty liver disease. Valenti L, Riso P, Mazzocchi A, Porrini M, Fargion S, Agostoni C - Oxid Med Cell Longev (2013) Bottom Line: NAFLD encompasses a wide spectrum of liver disease ranging from simple uncomplicated steatosis, to steatohepatitis, cirrhosis, and hepatocellular carcinoma.It has been reported that anthocyanins (ACNs) decrease hepatic lipid accumulation and may counteract oxidative stress and hepatic inflammation, but their impact on NAFLD has yet to be fully determined.ACNs are water-soluble bioactive compounds of the polyphenol class present in many vegetable products. View Article: PubMed Central - PubMed Affiliation: Department of Pathophysiology and Transplantation (DEPT), Università degli Studi di Milano, Internal Medicine, Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Policlinico, 20122 Milano, Italy. ABSTRACT Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), defined by excessive lipid accumulation in the liver, is the hepatic manifestation of insulin resistance and the metabolic syndrome. Due to the epidemics of obesity, NAFLD is rapidly becoming the leading cause of altered liver enzymes in Western countries. NAFLD encompasses a wide spectrum of liver disease ranging from simple uncomplicated steatosis, to steatohepatitis, cirrhosis, and hepatocellular carcinoma. Diet may affect the development of NAFLD either by increasing risk or by providing protective factors. Therefore, it is important to investigate the role of foods and/or food bioactives on the metabolic processes involved in steatohepatitis for preventive strategies. It has been reported that anthocyanins (ACNs) decrease hepatic lipid accumulation and may counteract oxidative stress and hepatic inflammation, but their impact on NAFLD has yet to be fully determined. ACNs are water-soluble bioactive compounds of the polyphenol class present in many vegetable products. Here, we summarize the evidence evaluating the mechanisms of action of ACNs on hepatic lipid metabolism in different experimental setting: in vitro, in vivo, and in human trials. Finally, a working model depicting the possible mechanisms underpinning the beneficial effects of ACNs in NAFLD is proposed, based on the available literature. Show MeSH Major Anthocyanins/chemistry/therapeutic use* Dietary Supplements* Fatty Liver/diet therapy* Minor Animals Clinical Trials as Topic Humans Non-alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease Related in: MedlinePlus	© Copyright Policy - open-access Related In: Results - Collection Show All Figures getmorefigures.php?uid=PMC3824564&req=5 fig2: Possible mechanisms underpinning the beneficial effects of anthocyanins in NAFLD and NASH: a Srebp1c working model based on available studies. Anthocyanins may prevent the progression of liver damage related to NAFLD by three independent mechanisms: inhibition of lipogenesis by reducing Srebp1c, promotion of lipolysis by induction of PPARα activity, and reduction of oxidative stress by induction of anti-oxidant enzymes. The effects of anthocyanins on lipid metabolism seem to be dependent on the activation of the AMPK pathway in hepatocytes. Mentions: A working model depicting the possible mechanisms underpinning the effects of ACN in NAFLD, based on the available findings in the literature, is presented in Figure 2. ACNs may prevent the progression of liver damage related to NAFLD by three independent mechanisms: inhibition of lipogenesis by reducing Srebp1c, promotion of lipolysis by induction of PPARα activity, and reduction of oxidative stress.

Dietary anthocyanins as nutritional therapy for nonalcoholic fatty liver disease.

Valenti L, Riso P, Mazzocchi A, Porrini M, Fargion S, Agostoni C - Oxid Med Cell Longev (2013)

Bottom Line: NAFLD encompasses a wide spectrum of liver disease ranging from simple uncomplicated steatosis, to steatohepatitis, cirrhosis, and hepatocellular carcinoma.It has been reported that anthocyanins (ACNs) decrease hepatic lipid accumulation and may counteract oxidative stress and hepatic inflammation, but their impact on NAFLD has yet to be fully determined.ACNs are water-soluble bioactive compounds of the polyphenol class present in many vegetable products.

View Article: PubMed Central - PubMed

Affiliation: Department of Pathophysiology and Transplantation (DEPT), Università degli Studi di Milano, Internal Medicine, Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Policlinico, 20122 Milano, Italy.

ABSTRACT

Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), defined by excessive lipid accumulation in the liver, is the hepatic manifestation of insulin resistance and the metabolic syndrome. Due to the epidemics of obesity, NAFLD is rapidly becoming the leading cause of altered liver enzymes in Western countries. NAFLD encompasses a wide spectrum of liver disease ranging from simple uncomplicated steatosis, to steatohepatitis, cirrhosis, and hepatocellular carcinoma. Diet may affect the development of NAFLD either by increasing risk or by providing protective factors. Therefore, it is important to investigate the role of foods and/or food bioactives on the metabolic processes involved in steatohepatitis for preventive strategies. It has been reported that anthocyanins (ACNs) decrease hepatic lipid accumulation and may counteract oxidative stress and hepatic inflammation, but their impact on NAFLD has yet to be fully determined. ACNs are water-soluble bioactive compounds of the polyphenol class present in many vegetable products. Here, we summarize the evidence evaluating the mechanisms of action of ACNs on hepatic lipid metabolism in different experimental setting: in vitro, in vivo, and in human trials. Finally, a working model depicting the possible mechanisms underpinning the beneficial effects of ACNs in NAFLD is proposed, based on the available literature.

Show MeSH

Related in: MedlinePlus

Possible mechanisms underpinning the beneficial effects of anthocyanins in NAFLD and NASH: a Srebp1c working model based on available studies. Anthocyanins may prevent the progression of liver damage related to NAFLD by three independent mechanisms: inhibition of lipogenesis by reducing Srebp1c, promotion of lipolysis by induction of PPARα activity, and reduction of oxidative stress by induction of anti-oxidant enzymes. The effects of anthocyanins on lipid metabolism seem to be dependent on the activation of the AMPK pathway in hepatocytes.

Related In: Results - Collection

Show All Figures

getmorefigures.php?uid=PMC3824564&req=5

fig2: Possible mechanisms underpinning the beneficial effects of anthocyanins in NAFLD and NASH: a Srebp1c working model based on available studies. Anthocyanins may prevent the progression of liver damage related to NAFLD by three independent mechanisms: inhibition of lipogenesis by reducing Srebp1c, promotion of lipolysis by induction of PPARα activity, and reduction of oxidative stress by induction of anti-oxidant enzymes. The effects of anthocyanins on lipid metabolism seem to be dependent on the activation of the AMPK pathway in hepatocytes.

Mentions: A working model depicting the possible mechanisms underpinning the effects of ACN in NAFLD, based on the available findings in the literature, is presented in Figure 2. ACNs may prevent the progression of liver damage related to NAFLD by three independent mechanisms: inhibition of lipogenesis by reducing Srebp1c, promotion of lipolysis by induction of PPARα activity, and reduction of oxidative stress.