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 | A novel technique for risk calculation of anastomotic leakage after thoracoscopic repair for esophageal... |  Fig1: (a) Preoperative chest x-ray displaying a curled nasogastric tube in patient who displayed no postoperative leakage. (b) Measurement of length proximal esophagus from top of first thoracic vertebra. (c) Measurement of distance carina to upper esophageal pouchBottom Line: Furthermore, the tapes from the procedures were reviewed.Statistical analysis was performed with the t test for equality of means by using SPSS 12.0.1 for Windows.Both groups were comparable, and there was a statistical significant difference in both length... | van der Zee DC, Vieirra-Travassos D, de Jong JR, et al. - World J Surg (2008) |
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 | Management of tetralogy of fallot with pulmonary atresia. |  Figure 3: A. Descending aortogram in an infant showing multiple MAPCA's to both lungs. B. Selective injection into one of the left-sided MAPCA's fills the native central pulmonary arteries. Note the very stenotic intrapulmonary connection between the MAPCA and the native...Bottom Line: Pulmonary blood flow is derived from a variety of sources, including native pulmonary artery branches and aorto-pulmonary collaterals with significant variability from patient to patient.Management must therefore be individualized to each patient's anatomy... | Prieto L - Images Paediatr Cardiol (2005) |
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 | Balloon valvuloplasty for neonatal critical pulmonary valvar stenosis with IVC interruption: pitfalls... |  Figure 4: Successful balloon valvuloplasty for pulmonary valvar stenosis. (A) Successful ballooning of a 3-mm diameter coronary balloon catheter with the assistance of a 5F right coronary artery guiding catheter formed a loop within the right atrium. (B) Sequential dilatation...Bottom Line: The percutaneous femoral venous access is the most preferred route for BPV in most cardiac centers.We report herein the case of a newborn baby with critical PVS with inferior vena cava interruption, severe tricuspid regurgitation and a severely enlarged right... | Kim GB, Bae EJ, Noh CI - J. Korean Med. Sci. (2010) |
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 | A novel technique for risk calculation of anastomotic leakage after thoracoscopic repair for esophageal... |  Fig2: (a) Preoperative chest x-ray displaying a short proximal esophagus in a child who experienced postoperative leakage. (b) Measurement of length proximal esophagus from top of first thoracic vertebra. (c) Measurement of distance carina to upper esophageal pouchBottom Line: Furthermore, the tapes from the procedures were reviewed.Statistical analysis was performed with the t test for equality of means by using SPSS 12.0.1 for Windows.Both groups were comparable, and there was a statistical significant difference in both length... | van der Zee DC, Vieirra-Travassos D, de Jong JR, et al. - World J Surg (2008) |
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 | Dedicated bifurcation analysis: basic principles. |  Fig5: Examples of the a straight analysis and b ostial analysis, each with their own contours and specific diameter function (graph)Bottom Line: Traditional straight vessel analysis by QCA does not satisfy the requirements for such complex morphologies anymore.The principles of these models are described in this paper, as well as the results of validation studies carried out on clinical materials.It... | Tuinenburg JC, Koning G, RareΕ A, Janssen JP, et al. - Int J Cardiovasc Imaging (2011) |
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 | Educational paper: imaging child abuse: the bare bones. |  Fig1: a A 7-month-old child in whose twin rib fractures were seen on a chest radiograph (see b). Based on that finding, a full skeletal survey was performed on this child and rib fractures (arrows) were found. b A 7-month-old child with persistent signs of pneumonia....Bottom Line: As in all clinical differential diagnoses, liaison between paediatricians and paediatric radiologists in order to obtain additional clinical information or even better having joint review of radiological studies will improve diagnostic accuracy.It is fundamental... | van Rijn RR, Sieswerda-Hoogendoorn T - Eur. J. Pediatr. (2011) |
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 | Management of supernumerary teeth. |  Figure 5: Intraoral peri-apical radiograph showing completion of endodontic therapy in maxillary right second molar (17)Bottom Line: Supernumerary paramolars are the rare anomalies of the maxillofacial complex.These are more common in the maxilla than in the mandible.This article reviews the etiology, frequency, classification, complications, diagnosis and management of supernumerary teeth... | Parolia A, Kundabala M, Dahal M, Mohan M, et al. - J Conserv Dent (2011) |
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 | Origins of the coronary arteries and their significance. |  f5-cln_65p79: The right coronary ostium below the level of upper margin of the cusp (arrow a) in the anterior aortic sinus (aas). A slit-like ostium (arrow-b) of the left coronary artery is also seen in the left posterior sinus (lps)Bottom Line: The majority of the ostia lay below the sinutubular ridge (89%) and at or above the level of the upper margin of the cusps (84%).Left ostial openings were mainly centrally located (80%), whereas the right coronary ostia were often shifted towards the right... | Joshi SD, Joshi SS, Athavale SA - Clinics (Sao Paulo) (2010) |
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 | Paravertebral block. |  Figure 3: Landmarks for TPVBBottom Line: Not Available. | Batra RK, Krishnan K, Agarwal A - J Anaesthesiol Clin Pharmacol (2011) |
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 | Characterization of promoter activities of four different Japanese flounder promoters in transgenic zebrafish. |  Fig4: GFP expression of gelatinase B-GFP transgenic zebrafish. GFP expression at one-cell stage (A), 7 hpf (B), 12 hpf (C), 48 hpf (D), and 5-day embryo, lateral view (E) and dorsal view (F).Bottom Line: As a result we obtained several stable transgenic zebrafish that displayed green fluorescence in different tissues.TNF promoter had lipoplysaccharide-inducible activity, such that when transgenic embryos were immersed lipopolysaccharide, GFP expression increased... | Yazawa R, Hirono I, Aoki T - Mar. Biotechnol. (2005) |
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 | Craniosynostosis genetics: The mystery unfolds. |  Figure 1: Photograph of the face (a) in a case of Apert syndrome showing prominent forehead, hypertelorism, proptosis, low set ears, and open mouth. The child also had mitten hands. The feet with extensive syndactyly are shown in (b)Bottom Line: The sutures involved, the shape of the skull and associated malformations give a clue to the specific diagnosis.Crouzon syndrome is one of the most common of the craniosynostosis syndromes.Most syndromic craniosynostosis require multidisciplinary management. | Panigrahi I - Indian J Hum Genet (2011) |
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 | Right ventricular outflow tract stenting in a low birth weight infant born with tetralogy of fallot and... |  Figure 1: A: pulmonary angiogram showing insertion of 1st stent into the pulmonary value to the infundibulum via main pulmonary artery. B: but the proximal infundibulum was not covered by stent. Another stent additionally inserted for full covering of infundibulum. C:...Bottom Line: At that time his body weight was 4.9 kg and total corrective surgery was deemed feasible.Eight months following surgical repair, the patient remained well without medical intervention.RVOT stenting may be a viable interim procedure while waiting for a low birth... | Bang S, Ko HK, Yu JJ, Han MK, Kim YH, Ko JK, et al. - Korean Circ J (2011) |
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 | Antielevation syndrome after unilateral anteriorization of the inferior oblique muscle. |  Figure 3: Patient No. 5 was referred to our hospital after 10 mm recession of the right inferior oblique muscle (IO) and anteriorization of the left IO. He showed limitation of elevation of the left eye, especially in abduction, and overaction of the IO and superior...Bottom Line: Ocular motility was improved after surgery in all patients.Unilateral IOAT may result in antielevation syndrome.Therefore bilateral IOAT is recommended to balance antielevation in both eyes.A meticulous caution is needed when performing unilateral IOAT. | Cho YA, Kim JH, Kim S - Korean J Ophthalmol (2006) |
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 | Acromegaly caused by growth hormone-releasing hormone-producing tumors: long-term observational studies... |  Fig6: Octreoscans of the patients 2 and 3. In the female patient (left panel) the tumor is seen in the right lower lobe of the lung and also the positive staining of the pituitary gland. The male patient (right panel) had a large tumor in the left lung, without pituitary...Bottom Line: In the two other patients GHRH did not normalize completely after surgery and they are now treated with slow-release octreotide.We did not observe development of tachyphylaxis towards the drug or radiological evidence of (growing) metastases.Independent parameters... | Biermasz NR, Smit JW, Pereira AM, FrΓΆlich M, et al. - Pituitary (2007) |
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 | Septal accessory pathway: anatomy, causes for difficulty, and an approach to ablation. |  Figure 10: Left anterior oblique (LAO) and right anterior oblique (RAO) projection of a patient with successful ablation of an accessory pathway in the supravalvar aortic cusp region. ABL ablation catheter in the left coronary cusp/noncoronary cusp junction. HRA = high...Bottom Line: The relatively small heart, rapid nodal conduction, and proximity of the arterial system specifically complicate septal ablation in children.The electrophysiologist must use every tool in his or her armamentarium, including exact delineation of pathway location,... | Macedo PG, Patel SM, Bisco SE, Asirvatham SJ - Indian Pacing Electrophysiol J (2010) |
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 | Outcome of early active mobilization after flexor tendons repair in zones II-V in hand. |  Figure 0001: Photographs (a, b) showing the self made plaster of paris SplintBottom Line: Nine percent (n=7) digits showed fair and the same number showed poor results.The cases with digital or common digital nerve involvement (n=7 with 17 digits) showed five excellent, two good, four fair, and six poor results.Complications included tendon ruptures... | Saini N, Kundnani V, Patni P, Gupta S - Indian J Orthop (2010) |
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 | The fate of porous hydroxyapatite granules used in facial skeletal augmentation. |  Fig1: Scanning electron micrographs of Pro Osteon 200 hydroxyapatite as used in augmentation of the facial skeleton (left) and the similar physical structure of human cancellous bone (right) (images courtesy of Interpore Cross International: reproduced with permission)Bottom Line: Postoperative CT scans at 3 months served as the baseline measurement and compared with scans taken at 1 and 2 years, with the thickness of the hydroxyapatite measured in axial and coronal planes.It was found that 99.7% of the hydroxyapatite was maintained... | Mendelson BC, Jacobson SR, Lavoipierre AM, et al. - Aesthetic Plast Surg (2010) |
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 | Surgical treatment of ventral and ventrolateral intradural extramedullary tumors of craniovertebral and... |  Figure 3: Schemes of spinal cord compression and displacement according to axial MRI sections of the tumor at C1 β C2 level. A β Axial MRI at C1 level (spinal cord displaced to LP, PL, P sectors), B β Axial MRI at C2 level (spinal cord displaced to LP, SP sectors).Bottom Line: The patients were distributed as follows: tumors of the craniovertebral localization - neoplasms spreading in rostral direction up to the boundary of the lower third of the clivus, and in caudal direction up to the upper edge body of the axis (C0 - C1): 12patients;... | Zozulya YP, Slynko YI, Al-Qashqish II - Asian J Neurosurg (2010) |
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