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 | Two distinct Vps34 phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase complexes function in autophagy and carboxypeptidase... | Figure 4: Apg14p and Vps38p exist in distinct complexes. (A and B) AKY73 cells were grown in YPD at 30°C. Total lysates were solubilized with Triton X-100 and incubated with protein A–immobilized anti-Apg14p antibodies (lane 1) or anti-Vps38p antibodies (lane 2)....Bottom Line: We found that two proteins copurify with Vps30p.These results indicate that Vps30p functions as a subunit of a Vps34 PtdIns 3-kinase complex(es).We propose that multiple Vps34p-Vps15p complexes associated with specific regulatory proteins might fulfill their... | Kihara A, Noda T, Ishihara N, Ohsumi Y - J. Cell Biol. (2001) |
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 | Where were those rabbits? A new paradigm to determine cerebral lateralisation of visuospatial memory... | fig0005: Mean difference waveforms for adult data on the Circles (black) and the Rabbits (grey) paradigm. The time points where the stimulus appeared (Stimulus), part of the stimulus reappeared and the response cue (Response cue) was given, and the period of interest...Bottom Line: In a group of 24 adults we found this child-friendly version gave similar results to the original version of the task.In addition, fourteen children aged 6-8 years successfully completed the child-friendly fTCD task, showing a negative lateralisation index,... | Groen MA, Whitehouse AJ, Badcock NA, Bishop DV - Neuropsychologia (2011) |
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 | The stress kinase mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase (MKK)7 is a negative regulator of antigen receptor... | Figure 8: Ectopic expression of p16INK4a results in reduction of mkk7−/− BMMC hyperproliferation. Mkk7 deficient and wild-type BMMCs were infected with empty virus (control) or p16INK4a expressing virus (p16) and selected for 1 wk with puromycin. After selection,...Bottom Line: Mutation of mkk7 in mast cells resulted in hyperproliferation in response to the cytokines interleukin (IL)-3 and stem cell factor (SCF).Loss of MKK7 did not affect activation of extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK)1/2 or p38 MAPK. mkk7(-/-) mast cells... | Sasaki T, Wada T, Kishimoto H, Irie-Sasaki J, et al. - J. Exp. Med. (2001) |
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 | Attenuation of lung inflammation and fibrosis in CD69-deficient mice after intratracheal bleomycin. | Figure 1: Effect of bleomycin treatment on body weight in wild-type and CD69-deficient mice. Time course of changes in body weight after bleomycin (BLM) treatment in wild-type (WT) (n = 8) and cluster of differentiation 69 (CD69)-deficient (CD69-/-) mice (n = 6). Results...Bottom Line: Cluster of differentiation 69 (CD69), an early activation marker antigen on T and B cells, is also expressed on activated macrophages and neutrophils, suggesting that CD69 may play a role in inflammatory diseases.In addition, lung fibrotic changes were evaluated... | Yamauchi K, Kasuya Y, Kuroda F, Tanaka K, et al. - Respir. Res. (2011) |
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 | CCR5-dependent homing of naturally occurring CD4+ regulatory T cells to sites of Leishmania major infection... | fig4: CCR5−/− CD4+CD25+ regulatory T cells fail to promote parasite persistence. RAG2−/− mice were infected in one ear with 103 L. major promastigotes. At the time of infection, WT CD4+CD25− T cells (3 × 105/mouse) were adoptively transferred together...Bottom Line: Here, we postulated that chemokines might direct nTreg cell homing in sites of infection and show that CD4+CD25+ nTreg cells, compared with normal CD4+ T cells, preferentially express the CCR5 chemokine receptor, which enables them to migrate in response to... | Yurchenko E, Tritt M, Hay V, Shevach EM, Belkaid Y, et al. - J. Exp. Med. (2006) |
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![View of the H—Br contacts in [Eu(H2O)6Br(2)2]Br(1), left: four hydrogen bonds link Br1 to water molecules, right: six hydrogen bonds link Br2 to water molecules. All displacement ellipsoids are drawn at the 90% propability level. [Symmetry codes: (i) -x, y, 1/2 - z; (ii) -x, -y, -z; (iii) x, -y, 1/2 + z.]](/imgs/rescaled137/2961385_e-64-00i35-fig2.png) | Hexaaqua-dibromidoeuropium(III) bromide, [EuBr(2)(H(2)O)(6)]Br. | Fap2: View of the H—Br contacts in [Eu(H2O)6Br(2)2]Br(1), left: four hydrogen bonds link Br1 to water molecules, right: six hydrogen bonds link Br2 to water molecules. All displacement ellipsoids are drawn at the 90% propability level. [Symmetry codes: (i) -x,...Bottom Line: The title compound crystallizes with the GdCl(3)·6H(2)O structure type, exhibiting discrete [EuBr(2)(H(2)O)(6)](+) cations as the main building blocks, linked with isolated bromide anions via H⋯Br hydrogen bonds to form a complex framework.The Eu atom and... | Hoch C, Simon A - Acta Crystallogr Sect E Struct Rep Online (2008) |
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 | Variation in aggregation propensities among ALS-associated variants of SOD1: correlation to human disease. | DDP260F5: Mutants possessing a higher aggregation propensity correlate with shorter disease duration. (A) Mutations with a significant number of patients (more than five) grouped in terms or aggregation propensity categories, as explained in Figure 4. Mutations associated...Bottom Line: In the present study, we have used a large set of data from SOD1-associated ALS pedigrees to identify correlations between disease features and biochemical/biophysical properties of more than 30 different variants of mutant SOD1.Similarly, we were not able... | Prudencio M, Hart PJ, Borchelt DR, Andersen PM - Hum. Mol. Genet. (2009) |
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 | Purification and characterization of chitinase from Alcaligenes faecalis AU02 by utilizing marine wastes... | Fig3: Effect of temperature on activity and stability of purified chitinase from A. faecalis AU02. Values are mean ± SD, n = 3Bottom Line: The optimum pH, temperature, pH stability, and thermal stability of chitinase were about 8, 37°C, 5-12, and 40-80°C, respectively.The antioxidant activity of A. faecalis AU02 culture supernatant was determined through scavenging ability on 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl... | Annamalai N, Veeramuthu Rajeswari M, Vijayalakshmi S, et al. - Ann. Microbiol. (2011) |
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 | Controlling the motor activity of a transcription-repair coupling factor: autoinhibition and the role... | Figure 4: Displacement of stalled transcription elongation complexes by MfdΔD7 in vitro. Transcription complexes stalled at +20 were formed on an end-labelled fragment of pSRTB1, 250 nM Mfd or MfdΔD7 was added and aliquots were removed and analysed by EMSA. Data...Bottom Line: Often these enzymes function as components of macromolecular complexes, and DNA translocation by the motor protein drives movement of other components of the complex.In order to understand how the activity of motor proteins is regulated within multi-protein... | Smith AJ, Szczelkun MD, Savery NJ - Nucleic Acids Res. (2007) |
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 | Sex differences in judging self-orientation: the morphological horizon and body pitch. | Figure 3: Constant PMH error (deg) with standard error as a function of Trial for 135° conditions.Bottom Line: However, explanations for these sex differences is lacking in the literature.Male and female participants were asked to identify their Morphological Horizon (i.e., line perpendicular to saggital plane at eye-level) in different body orientations relative to... | Tremblay L, Elliott D - BMC Neurosci (2007) |
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 | An epigenetic hypothesis of aging-related cognitive dysfunction. | Figure 1: Schematic representation of epigenetic mechanisms. (A) In the nucleus, DNA coils and condenses around histones. Each octameric histone core contains two copies each of histones H2A, H2B, H3, and H4. The DNA–protein complex is referred to as chromatin. (B)...Bottom Line: These mechanisms, in turn, result in alterations in specific patterns of gene expression.Here we focus on this theme, reviewing current knowledge concerning epigenetic molecular mechanisms, as well as recent results suggesting disruption of plasticity and memory... | Penner MR, Roth TL, Barnes CA, Sweatt JD - Front Aging Neurosci (2010) |
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 | Staged external and internal locked plating for open distal tibial fractures. | Figure 1: Flow diagram of treatment protocol.Bottom Line: All fractures were followed for median 2 (1-3) years.The reduction was classified as being good in 15 patients and fair in 1 patient.At the latest follow-up, 7 patients had excellent and 9 had good Iowa ankle scores; ankle motion ranged from a median of 10... | Ma CH, Yu SW, Tu YK, Yen CY, Yeh JJ, Wu CH - Acta Orthop (2010) |
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 | Oral N-acetyl-cysteine attenuates loss of dopaminergic terminals in alpha-synuclein overexpressing mice. | pone-0012333-g006: Performance on the accelerating Rotarod was unaffected by SNCA-overexpression or by chronic NAC treatment.Wild-type (WT) and SNCA-overexpressing (TG) mice treated with either Alanine (ALA) or NAC were tested at 1 year of age on a Rotarod (Ugo Basile) accelerating...Bottom Line: NAC significantly decreased the levels of human SNCA in the brains of PDGFb-SNCA transgenic mice compared to alanine treated transgenics.This was associated with a decrease in nuclear NFkappaB localization and an increase in cytoplasmic localization of NFkappaB... | Clark J, Clore EL, Zheng K, Adame A, Masliah E, et al. - PLoS ONE (2010) |
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 | The kinetics of L-selectin tethers and the mechanics of selectin-mediated rolling. | Figure 5: Conversion of tethering events to rolling is a function of wall shear stress and site density of PNAd. Tethers were considered to result in rolling when neutrophils moved for at least 2 s at a mean velocity of at least fivefold lower than the mean hydrodynamic...Bottom Line: Displacements of tethered cells during flow reversal, and measurements of the distance between successive pauses during rolling provide estimates of the length of a tether and the length of the adhesive contact zone, and suggest that rolling occurs with as... | Alon R, Chen S, Puri KD, Finger EB, Springer TA - J. Cell Biol. (1997) |
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 | Insulin resistance, lipotoxicity, type 2 diabetes and atherosclerosis: the missing links. The Claude... | Fig8: Fat topography in type 2 diabetes and effect of thiazolidine-diones (TZD) (see text for a detailed discussion)Bottom Line: Accumulation of toxic lipid metabolites (fatty acyl CoA, diacylglycerol, ceramide) in muscle, liver, adipocytes, beta cells and arterial tissues contributes to insulin resistance, beta cell dysfunction and accelerated atherosclerosis, respectively, in type... | DeFronzo RA - Diabetologia (2010) |
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 | A novel mouse with B cells but lacking serum antibody reveals an antibody-independent role for B cells... | Figure 2: The Tg restores splenic B cells in JHD mice. Spleen cells from JHD (A), mIgM (B), and MRL/lpr (C) mice were analyzed via flow cytometry. Live (propidium iodide–negative) cells were analyzed for CD19 (PE) and B220 (FITC) expression. B cells are B220+/CD19+...Bottom Line: In the first, the individual contributions of circulating antibodies and B cells were analyzed using MRL/MpJ-Faslpr (MRL/lpr) mice that expressed a mutant transgene encoding surface immunoglobulin (Ig), but which did not permit the secretion of circulating... | Chan OT, Hannum LG, Haberman AM, Madaio MP, et al. - J. Exp. Med. (1999) |
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![Wagner-Meerwein skeletal rearrangement of methyl 4-oxo-10-(2-oxopyrrolidinyl)-10H-2,11b-epoxyoxireno[6,7]isoindolo[2,1-a]quinoline-3-carboxylate.](/imgs/rescaled137/2980137_e-66-0o206-fig3.png) | Methyl 7,8-diacet-oxy-11-oxo-5-(2-oxo-pyrrolidin-1-yl)-7,9-epoxy-cyclo-penta-[4,5]pyrido[1,2-a]quinoline-10-carboxyl-ate... | Fap3: Wagner-Meerwein skeletal rearrangement of methyl 4-oxo-10-(2-oxopyrrolidinyl)-10H-2,11b-epoxyoxireno[6,7]isoindolo[2,1-a]quinoline-3-carboxylate.Bottom Line: The organic mol-ecule comprises a fused penta-cyclic system containing two five-membered rings (cyclo-pentane and tetra-hydro-furan) and three six-membered rings (piperidinone, tetra-hydro-pyridine and benzene).The five-membered rings have the usual envelope... | Gurbanov AV, Nikitina EV, Zaytsev VP, Zubkov FI, et al. - Acta Crystallogr Sect E Struct Rep Online (2009) |
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 | 4,4'-(Oxydimethyl-ene)dibenzonitrile. | Fap1: The molecular structure of the title compound, showing the atomic numbering scheme. Displacement ellipsoids are drawn at the 50% probability level.Bottom Line: The title compound, C(16)H(12)N(2)O, was accidentally synthesized by the reaction of 4-(bromo-meth-yl)benzonitrile and penta-erythritol.The dihedral angle between the benzene rings is 57.39 (9)°.In the crystal structure, mol-ecules are linked by inter-molecular... | Xiao J, Zhao H - Acta Crystallogr Sect E Struct Rep Online (2008) |
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